Device for purifying the steam in steam-generators.



Max LUHN, or aannam-snm.

A:DEVICE FOB PIJ'BIFYING TEE STEAK IN STEAM-GENEBAITORS.

, Specification of Letterallatent.y

apjucation mea nay 16, 1912. serial no. 697,699. l

possible' as large a quantity of steam as pos-V sible. Consequently engineers have proceeded to increase the speedl of circulation of the Water. The result of this is, that no dry steam exists in the steam-space-of the steam generator, for when the speed of-cir culation in the steam generator is great, the greater part of the masses of water mixed with the steam are very powerfully expelled into the steam-space of the top drum, for example, from the pipes in which the circulating water is rising. In the steam-space the steam bubbles burst and the Water expelled lupward with the steam is thrown with great force against the walls of the drum, a portion of the water being converted into fine mist or drizzle.

Now even inthe case of steam boilers which are fed with purified water, it cannot be altogether avoided that the water becomes turbid on account of solid substances, principally of a mineral nature, liberated in theboiler. The mud then contained `in the water is extraordinarily fine and mobile, and each small particle v of water which is in the steam-space is the carrier of a small quantity of sediment or mud. The steam thus rendered impure passes in the case of wellknown steam generators directly into the superheater where also `particles of water which float in thesteam are converted into steam. The fine particles of sediment which have been carried in by means of the wet steam are converted in the superheater into a fine,lvery light dust which is carried by the superheated steam to the place of V(10nsumption where itgives rise to disturbances or breakdowns. In the case of condensing steam turbines in particular l does such iinl hesion-surfaces. y may not become lmpure again no steam 1s pure steam cause disturbances, since in the low pressure parts of the turbine condensation frequently occurs even on the blades, and the dry dust aided by the centrifugal action of the running blade remains adher- Patented Nov. 112, 1912.

ing to the wet blades of the running wheel v or ofthe guide-wheel.

The object of the invention is to free, in the boiler itself, from the above-mentioned fine sediment the wet steam generatedv in a steam boiler of any construction whatever before it leaves the boiler, that is, beforeit passes into the superheater and reaches the place of consumption. For this vpurpose there are inserted in the steam-space of the boiler walls which are provided with openings, and which dip into the water and which divide the steam into as many thin layers or currents, 'as possible, which iow preferably in varying directions past the adesion surfaces furnished by the Walls. The total cross-sectional area of the passage through 'the walls suitably amounts to a multiple ofthe cross-sectional area of the steam delivery union opening beyond the' All the particles of Water contained in the l steam flowing along the adhesion-surfaces.,

adhere to the latter, and said particles as mentioned above carry the mud particles along with them, so that said mud particles also become deposited on the adhesion-surfaces and ow back into the boiler water together with the water which has adhered' 'to said surfaces. The steam which vhas passed the surfaces is free from all impurities and is delivered at some point beyond the ad- In order that the steam intended to be generated in that part of the steam-space which is situated beyond the adhesion-surfaces. In order to assur-athis, the walls dipping into fthe water are arranged at such a .place that a chamber sepais formed byj the ,said walls, which chamber is situated 1n apautof'the boiler lwhich is f exposed to the furnace gases either not .at r only@ Such a 191.1811# extent .thun/esmas .rated from the remainder of thesteamspae not generated in it. The steam delivery union is connected to this chamber which is separated from the rest of the steam-space. Consequently no steam can be delivered which has not passed the adhesion-surfaces, that is, which has not been cleaned. Steam can be prevented from being generated in the separated chamber also by arranging for the feed-water which is at a temperature below the temperature of vaporization to enter into the part of the boiler which is situated beyond the adhesion-surfaces.

In the drawing one form of the new device is represented diagrammatically by way of example.

In said drawing: Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through the steam-space of a steam generator provided with the new device and Fig. 2 is a transverse section. Figs. 3 to 6 show to an enlarged scale various forms of the walls which furnish the adhesion-surfaces and which dip into the water.

ais, for example, the upper drum of a steam generator. Into the front part of the upper drum a there opens the pipe b in which flows the ascending portion of the circulating current, while the water returns at c, for example. The two pipes b and c may be connected with the top ends of a vaporizer of any known type provided with watertubes or fire-tubes, or be connected with a.

lower drum of any well-known construction. At the back part of the upper drum a the walls d are built-in, which reach down to such a distance that they dip into the water in the boiler even when at its lowest level. By means of thewalls d a chamber D is divided ofi from the steam-space D in the back part of the boiler which is exposed to the furnace gases either not at all or only l to a slight extent, to whichA chamber the steam outlet-union e is connected. 'The apparatus may also be so arranged that in case the construction of the boiler renders it de- \sirable, the walls d are inserted in the front tively to one another in order to alter the.

directions of the individual currents of steam. The total cross-sectional area of the passage through the angle-irons f is a suit-` or, as shown in Fig. 6, of several rows of semi-circular plates z' staggered relatively to one another. They may, however, also be formed in any other suitable manner.

I claim zy 1. In a steam generatorincluding a suitable drum: a plurality of walls located in said drum and providing adhesion surfaces for the particles of water carried by the steam andthe solid matter contained therein, said walls dipping into the water in the drum and dividing the same into two chambers, the steam being generated in one chamber and passing through said walls into the other wherein no steam is generated and from which the steam generated in the first named chamber is removed.

2. In a steam generator including a suitable drum: a plurality of walls located in said drum and providing adhesion surfaces for the particles of water carried by the steam and the solid matter contained therein, said walls dipping into the water in the drum and dividing the same into two chambers, the steam being generated in one chamber and passing through said walls into the other which is located in the portion of the boiler substantially unexposed to the furnace gases and from which chamber the steam generated in the rst named chamber is removed.

3. In a steam generator including a suitable drum provided with a steam outlet: a plurality of walls provided with passages, of a total cross sectional area which is a multiple of the area of said steam outlet, located in said drum and providing adhesion surfaces for the particles of water carried by the steam and the solid matter contained therein, said walls dipping into the water in the drum and dividing the same into two chambers, the steam being generated in one chamber and passing through said walls into the other wherein no steam is generated and from which the steam generated in the Iirst named chamber is removed.

4. In a steam generator including a suitable drum: baflies consisting of a plurality ofrows of members of suitable shape providing adhesion surfaces for the particles of water carried by the steam and the solid matter contained therein, the members of the respective rows being staggered relatively to one another and dipping into the water in the drum and dividing the same into two chambers, the steam being generated in one chamber and passing through said walls into the other wherein no steam is generated and from which the steam generated in the first named chamber is removed.

5. In a steam generator including a suitable drum: batlles consisting of aplurality of rows of angle irons providing adhesion surfaces for the particles of water carried by the steam and the solid matter contained from which the steain generated in the first therein, the said angle irons of' the respec named chamber 'is removed. l0

bers, the steam being generated in one cham- Witnesses:

tive rows being staggeredreiatively to one In witness whereof I have hereunto set another and dipping into the water in the my hand in presence of two Witnesses. drum and dividing the saine into two cham- MAX LUHN. [L 5.]

ber and passing through said walls into the HELEN NUFER, other wherein no steam is generated and ALBERT NUFER. 

